The prominent Muslim scholar, Sheikh Muhammad Iqbal Nadvi, Director and Imam of Al-Falah Islamic Center, Oakville, Ontario, Canada, states: “If there is a covenant between the non-Muslims with the Islamic state that a certain punishment for breaking the rules then the judge is to implement it, but in principle, the punishment for zina is to be applied on Muslims only. As for non-Muslims, the punishment is ta`zir which is to be determined by the Muslim judge.”