Every committed Muslim is certain beyond doubt that there is no comparison between modern scientific discoveries and Allah possessing the absolute knowledge of the unseen. Whatever knowledge we reach is nothing compared to Allah’s infinite knowledge. Sheikh `Abdul-Bari Az-Zamzami, a member of the Moroccan Scholars’ Association, states the following: The scientists’ discovering the sex of the foetus in the womb, for example, does not mean they have discovered the Unseen; they can learn the foetus’s sex only through using technological methods (such as ultrasound or amniocentesis). During this process, the foetus is “seen”; it is no longer “unseen”. Hence, this has nothing to do with divulging the Unseen.
So is the case with forecasting rain. It depends on meteorological data, such as the direction of wind, clouds, and the other meteorological signs of precipitation. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “If a cloud was formed towards the sea and then seen Levantwards (northwards), know that it would rain heavily.“ (Reported by Al-Bukhari) According to this hadith, if a rain cloud was formed north of the location of Madinah, this would be a sign that rain would fall on Madinah.
thus, human knowledge is a result of serious processes of acquiring this knowledge, making a lot of research, and adopting different methods before getting to a certain conclusion in a certain field. But this is not the case with divine knowledge. Allah Almighty is not in need of making research or acquiring knowledge to know about something. He Almighty knows the Unseen without having to use any means to get such knowledge.