Brushing teeth while fasting is a common topic of discussion among Muslims striving to maintain physical hygiene without compromising their spiritual obligations. Concerns often arise regarding the use of modern toothpaste, with some individuals arguing that the absorption of sugars or glucose through the mouth’s lining breaks the fast. Furthermore, because manufactured toothpaste did not exist during the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), some question whether its use contradicts the established traditions of fasting.
The Principle of Ease and Avoiding Rigidity
Islam strictly warns against rigidity in religious practices.
The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) cautioned against making the religion overly burdensome, repeating three times: “Woe to those who practice rigidity” (Sahih Muslim).
Prominent scholars emphasize that the essential rules of fasting are communicated plainly and clearly, based entirely on ease and simplicity. To interpolate rigid rules regarding modern hygiene products is contrary to the general spirit and stated intents of the religion.
The Islamic Ruling on Toothpaste
It is absolutely permissible to brush one’s teeth using toothpaste while fasting, provided that a person is cautious not to let the substance reach the stomach.
In Islamic jurisprudence, such matters are evaluated based on common human usage and understanding. From time immemorial, human beings have never considered the act of brushing teeth—whether with or without paste—as a form of consuming food or drink. Therefore, the mere presence of flavouring in the mouth does not invalidate the fast, as it does not constitute eating or drinking.
Focusing on the Inner Dimensions of Fasting
Scholars advise that believers should leave matters as Almighty Allah has established them—simple and easy to follow. The primary purpose of fasting is to cultivate piety, as stated in the Quran:
O you who have believed, decreed upon you is fasting as it was decreed upon those before you that you may become righteous” (Surah Al-Baqarah, 2:183).
This divine injunction is intended to nurture mindfulness of Allah and self-restraint, thereby deepening a person’s spiritual awareness. A fasting Muslim should focus on these inner dimensions of worship rather than reducing Islamic practices to meaningless rituals governed by excessive strictness.
