Navigating the challenges of masturbation during marital separation is a sensitive issue for couples who are forced to live apart due to circumstances beyond their control, such as compulsory education or work. When spouses are separated for extended periods with limited visits, managing physical desires becomes a significant concern. Islamic jurisprudence provides practical and realistic guidance to protect individuals from falling into greater sins while maintaining the sanctity of marriage.
The Principle of the Lesser of Two Evils
Prominent scholars establish that if a husband or wife experiences a strong sexual desire and there is a genuine fear of falling into zina (unlawful sexual intercourse), the practice of masturbation is permitted strictly as a necessity. This ruling is based on the established Islamic legal maxim of committing the lesser of two evils to prevent a greater harm. It serves as a protective measure applied specifically when circumstances completely prevent spouses from fulfilling mutual desires.
Prioritising Spousal Reunion
Despite this temporary concession, spouses must prioritise their physical reunion. A partner should make every effort to return to their spouse as soon as possible, or make arrangements to live together. Relocating to be with one another is the definitive solution to avoid greater evils and to rightfully fulfill marital desires within the bounds of the relationship.
Spiritual Safeguards and Fasting
While apart, spouses must encourage one another to draw closer to Allah and seek divine refuge against the footsteps of Satan. To spiritually and physically manage desires, individuals are highly advised to observe voluntary fasting. The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) explicitly recommended fasting as a method of controlling desires for those unable to fulfill them through marital intimacy, stating:
“O young men, whoever among you can afford it, let him get married… and whoever cannot, let him fast, for it will be a shield for him” (Al-Bukhari).
Furthermore, engaging in constant dhikr (remembrance of Allah), giving charity (sadaqah), and keeping the company of righteous friends are vital strategies to protect a Muslim from evil and to ensure they remain steadfast upon the right path during periods of hardship.
