Engaging in Lovemaking and discharge of semen during the day of Ramaḍān breaks the fast and it requires severe atonement which is fasting for two consecutive months as expiation for that offence which is done during the day of Ramaḍān, wherein sanctity of Ramaḍān is violated by sex.
If one doesn’t have the ability to fast for two months consecutively, then he must pay atonement (feeding) of 60 poor. It is also important to know that the first obligation of this prescribed punishment is emancipation of a slave. As it is clear that one cannot find any slave in our present-day, glory be to Allah, then he will stick to the second obligation which is fasting.
As for the discharging of semen without sex during the day of Ramaḍān, this breaks fast according to the majority of scholars and a day of fasting should replace the invalid one. However the scholars disagree on whether the severe atonement can be applied on the violator or not .
Hanafiyyah opined that there is severe atonement which is fasting for two consecutive months as replacement for that day. If he (the perpetrator) doesn’t have the ability to fast for two months consecutively, he should feed 60 poor people. However, the majority of scholars opined that he should fast for a day (as replacement for the broken fast), plead and seek for Allah’s forgiveness. And he must not do so ever again.